2010/12/15 - Apache Excalibur has been retired.

For more information, please explore the Attic.

Why Command Was Created

Command was created as a way to offload management functions to a CommandManager which would execute the functions in the background. The benefits of this approach are tremendous when you are handling several requests at the same time. As load increases, you don't increase the frequency in which certain functions are performed (as in the normal synchronous management), and you reduce the time for the critical path to execute. The critical path is the part of your code that actually solves your problems as opposed to managing resources.

When To Use Command

A better question might be "when should I not to use Command?". The complexity of the thread management and command timing is completely hidden from you. That makes Command as easy to use as any event based system like Swing. That said, if you have a really trivial system, or you do not work with heavy request loads it is definitely easier to design your system the old fashioned way. If you do expect your application to work under heavy load, you will find Command to be indespensible.

Core Concepts

Command is built on top of Event. That means we use a Command Sink to enqueue Commands for the CommandManager to process. The CommandManager then executes the commands as they are pulled off of the queue. A Command can be a repeating command, so CommandManager will automatically requeue that command for you.

Command

A Command is an object that performs any function you desire. You create it by simply implementing the Command interface. There are three types of commands: a generic command that is executed immediately in a background thread, a delayed command that is executed after a specified period of time, and a repeated command that is executed again and again until the Command Manager is shut down.

Command Manager

The Command Manager takes care of processing both Commands and Signals. With Signals, it will notify the registered Signal listener. With commands it schedules their execution in a background thread.

Thread Manager

A Thread Manager takes care of the threading policy for the Command Manager. It manages the thread pool size, and how often the Event Pipeline (the path from a Source to an EventHandler) is checked.